How the U.S. Lost Out on iPhone Work
from the Jan 21, 2012 online New York Times
Apple executives say that going overseas, at this point, is their only option. One former executive described how the company relied upon a Chinese factory to revamp iPhone manufacturing just weeks before the device was due on shelves. Apple had redesigned the iPhone’s screen at the last minute, forcing an assembly line overhaul. New screens began arriving at the plant near midnight.
A foreman immediately roused 8,000 workers inside the company’s dormitories, according to the executive. Each employee was given a biscuit and a cup of tea, guided to a workstation and within half an hour started a 12-hour shift fitting glass screens into beveled frames. Within 96 hours, the plant was producing over 10,000 iPhones a day.
….
Another critical advantage for Apple was that China provided engineers at a scale the United States could not match. Apple’s executives had estimated that about 8,700 industrial engineers were needed to oversee and guide the 200,000 assembly-line workers eventually involved in manufacturing iPhones. The company’s analysts had forecast it would take as long as nine months to find that many qualified engineers in the United States.
I guess that's because so many chose the easier path and became lawyers, right (g, d & r)
It's not just Apple, of course.
Another few more tidbits on the next screen
‘I Want a Glass Screen’
In 2007, a little over a month before the iPhone was scheduled to appear in stores, Mr. Jobs beckoned a handful of lieutenants into an office. For weeks, he had been carrying a prototype of the device in his pocket.
Mr. Jobs angrily held up his iPhone, angling it so everyone could see the dozens of tiny scratches marring its plastic screen, according to someone who attended the meeting. He then pulled his keys from his jeans.
People will carry this phone in their pocket, he said. People also carry their keys in their pocket. “I won’t sell a product that gets scratched,” he said tensely. The only solution was using unscratchable glass instead. “I want a glass screen, and I want it perfect in six weeks.”
After one executive left that meeting, he booked a flight to Shenzhen, China. If Mr. Jobs wanted perfect, there was nowhere else to go.
For over two years, the company had been working on a project — code-named Purple 2 — that presented the same questions at every turn: how do you completely reimagine the cellphone? And how do you design it at the highest quality — with an unscratchable screen, for instance — while also ensuring that millions can be manufactured quickly and inexpensively enough to earn a significant profit?
The answers, almost every time, were found outside the United States.
And this – for those of you who need something when an American acquaintance says something about Canada subsidizing Canadian companies competing with US companies in the US
For years, cellphone makers had avoided using glass because it required precision in cutting and grinding that was extremely difficult to achieve. Apple had already selected an American company, Corning Inc., to manufacture large panes of strengthened glass. But figuring out how to cut those panes into millions of iPhone screens required finding an empty cutting plant, hundreds of pieces of glass to use in experiments and an army of midlevel engineers. It would cost a fortune simply to prepare.
Then a bid for the work arrived from a Chinese factory.
When an Apple team visited, the Chinese plant’s owners were already constructing a new wing. “This is in case you give us the contract,” the manager said, according to a former Apple executive. The Chinese government had agreed to underwrite costs for numerous industries, and those subsidies had trickled down to the glass-cutting factory. It had a warehouse filled with glass samples available to Apple, free of charge. The owners made engineers available at almost no cost. They had built on-site dormitories so employees would be available 24 hours a day.
The Chinese plant got the job.
Ouch. I expect the answers are (and will be) much the same here, for RIM.
No info here on wages. I wonder how much the workers in China are earning — enough to purchase the end products they're helping to build?
there is
p. 3 many make less than $17 per day
but there's also this on p 4 – paying US wage levels would add about $65 per iPhone but that would be only part of the increase
and by analogy this on p. 5 – referring to a time when the iMac was built in the US
on p. 6 – S eventually took a $10 per hour job assembly line job at Apple
on p. 7
There's an interesting, related article in the Atlantic Monthly on how hard it is to manufacture in America, at
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/01/making-it-in-america/8844/
One of my customers was Emerson, who do a significant part of their manufacturing in North America, and who find buyer-visible high quality, marginally higher prices and highly mechanized manufacturing with well-educated staff pay off. I don't consider them agile, but I love their quality, and preferentially buy their products.
–dave
Recently, This Amercian Life broadcast a fascinating and disturbing show on the Foxconn plant….http://www.thisamericanlife.org/radio-archives/episode/454/mr-daisey-and-the-apple-factory