What Obligations Does the Court Have to Self-Represented Litigants?
In Grand River Conservation Authority v. Ramdas, 2021 ONCA 815, the Ontario Court of Appeal discusses the obligations that the court has to self-represented litigants. Below is an excerpt of some key points:
- Self-represented litigants are required to familiarize themselves with the relevant legal principles, practices, and procedures pertaining to their case. “However, the court has a duty to ensure that self-represented litigants receive a fair hearing”. (para 18)
- Judges must permit self-represented litigants to explain how they understand where things stand in the litigation. (para 19)
- Judges can consider whether providing self-represented litigants with an option to give


