In file 9110-2023-0067 the CRTC reports on enforcement action taken against the Hudson’s Bay Company for allegedly violating Section 6(2)(c) and Sections 11(1) and 11(3) of CASL Canada’s Anti Spam Law.

Since CASL came into force in 2014 a large portion of enforcement action has been taken on the need to include in commercial electronic messages (CEMs) an unsubscribe mechanism that could be readily performed.

The investigation led to an allegation that the Hudson’s Bay Company sent CEMs between January 1, 2022, and November 30, 2023, without including an unsubscribe mechanism that could be readily performed.

The Hudson’s Bay Company . . . [more]

As artificial intelligence and digital tools transform nearly every professional field, dispute resolution is no exception. But are these technologies merely enhancing traditional ADR—or are they fundamentally reshaping it?

The widespread adoption of video conferencing, AI-assisted case management, and online negotiation platforms has rapidly moved dispute resolution online. What was once the exception is now the norm. As a result, the boundary between Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) has become increasingly blurred. But does this distinction still matter? I believe it does—because how we define and design these processes directly affects fairness, access, and the role . . . [more]

Every week we present the summary of a decision handed down by a Québec court provided to us by SOQUIJ and considered to be of interest to our readers throughout Canada. SOQUIJ is attached to the Québec Department of Justice and collects, analyzes, enriches, and disseminates legal information in Québec.

ÉDUCATION : Des dispositions de la Loi modifiant principalement la Loi sur l’instruction publique relativement à l’organisation et à la gouvernance scolaires sont inopérantes à l’égard des commissions scolaires anglophones du Québec.

Intitulé : Procureur général du Québec c. Quebec English School Boards Association, 2025 QCCA 383
Juridiction : Cour . . . [more]

As a supplement to our Sunday Summary each month, Supreme Advocacy LLP in Ottawa presents Supreme One-Liners, a super-short descriptive guide to the most recent decisions at the Supreme Court of Canada. Supreme Advocacy LLP offers its more comprehensive weekly electronic newsletter, Supreme Advocacy Letter, summarizing all Appeals, Oral Judgments and Leaves to Appeal granted.

Appeal Judgments

Bankruptcy & Insolvency: Student Loans
Piekut v. Canada (National Revenue), 2023 BCCA 181, 2025 SCC 13 (40782)

Single date approach re student loans in bankruptcy context. . . . [more]

By 2035, society had largely abandoned walking as a means of transportation. Urban planners, motivated by efficiency and data-driven optimisation, redesigned cities around autonomous electric vehicles. Pedestrian streets were repurposed into rapid transit corridors. Walking was confined to indoor spaces, explicitly private residences and commercial complexes. Walking was only executed to partake in menial, non-essential tasks such as a grabbing a cup of coffee from a Brew-fficiency 5000 system (with algorithmic precision in every sip!). To walk outside was seen as impractical, even obstructive, a habit of the past that no longer fit within the streamlined flow of modern urban . . . [more]

Listening to Season 29 of Wondery’s Business Wars, it’s clear that AIRBUS is outpacing its competition. Several factors contribute to AIRBUS’s dominance, but one stands out: its corporate culture of innovation[1] extending even to its legal and procurement teams. As of at least 2015, AIRBUS has a “contract innovators team” that seeks to improve contract digitization and procurement.[2]

A few years ago, this multinational aerospace corporation took an innovative approach to its non-disclosure agreements (NDA) (I can imagine the eye rolls and sighs but trust me—this NDA is different. Keep reading).

The Role of NDAs in Business

A recent CBC article from British Columbia indicated that a self-represented party used Microsoft Copilot to assist with legal research: the artificial intelligence (AI) program generated 10 cases, nine of which were hallucinated. The hallucinated cases were ‘caught’ during a proceeding at the Civil Resolution Tribunal, but this incident and the possibility of others like it raises challenging questions for access to justice. It can be assumed that public-facing AI will continue to gain ground as a means of providing legal information and assistance, and as that happens, there will be more examples of hallucinated cases making their way into . . . [more]

As a supplement to our Sunday Summary each month, Supreme Advocacy LLP in Ottawa presents Supreme One-Liners, a super-short descriptive guide to the most recent decisions at the Supreme Court of Canada. Supreme Advocacy LLP offers its more comprehensive weekly electronic newsletter, Supreme Advocacy Letter, summarizing all Appeals, Oral Judgments and Leaves to Appeal granted.

Appeal Judgments

Criminal Law: Included Offences; Air of Reality Test
R. v. Pan, 2025 SCC 12 (40839)

Clarification of air of reality test in included offences context.

Oral Judgments

Criminal Law: Sexual Assault
R. v. R.A., 2025 SCC 7 (41421) Judgment rendered . . . [more]

Every week we present the summary of a decision handed down by a Québec court provided to us by SOQUIJ and considered to be of interest to our readers throughout Canada. SOQUIJ is attached to the Québec Department of Justice and collects, analyzes, enriches, and disseminates legal information in Québec.

PÉNAL (DROIT) : L’accusé qui, après avoir consommé de l’alcool, a effectué le raccompagnement rémunéré de 2 préposées aux bénéficiaires qui ont été blessées lorsqu’il a perdu la maîtrise de son véhicule, est condamné à une peine d’emprisonnement avec sursis; le tribunal a considéré le parcours personnel difficile de l’accusé . . . [more]

A few weeks ago, I went to the dentist for the first time in years—thanks to finally having work benefits. I expected a routine cleaning, some X-rays, and maybe a reminder to floss more. Instead, the appointment took an unexpected turn when the dentist launched into a sales pitch for Invisalign.

At 29, with relatively straight teeth, I’d never been told I needed any kind of teeth straightening. Yet, almost immediately, I was shown an AI-generated “after” image that looked nearly identical to my current teeth. The dentist admitted the difference was minimal but claimed it might help protect my . . . [more]